What is considered the supreme law of the land in the United States?

The Constitution is considered the supreme law of the land in the United States because it establishes the framework for the federal government, including its structure, powers, and limitations. This foundational document not only outlines the rights and responsibilities of individuals and institutions but also serves as the ultimate authority in legal disputes. According to Article VI, clause 2 of the Constitution, known as the Supremacy Clause, the Constitution, as well as federal laws made pursuant to it, take precedence over state laws. This principle ensures that there is a consistent legal standard across the nation, thereby promoting unity and coherence in the governance of the United States.

The Declaration of Independence, while a pivotal document in American history that articulates the principles of democracy and individual rights, does not serve as a legal framework or governing document. Similarly, the Bill of Rights, which consists of the first ten amendments to the Constitution that guarantee specific liberties and rights to individuals, is part of the Constitution rather than a standalone legal authority. The Federalist Papers, on the other hand, are a series of essays written to promote the ratification of the Constitution but do not hold legal authority. Therefore, the Constitution is recognized as the highest legal document, making it the supreme law of the land.