What is the duration of a United States Senator's term?

A United States Senator serves a term that lasts six years. This duration is established in the U.S. Constitution, specifically in Article I, Section 3, which outlines the structure and responsibilities of the legislative branch, including the Senate. Senators are elected to ensure a degree of stability and continuity within the chamber, as they represent entire states rather than districts like members of the House of Representatives.

The six-year term also allows Senators to be less susceptible to the immediate political pressures and whims of public opinion, enabling them to make decisions that may require longer-term thinking and consideration. Additionally, the staggered nature of Senate elections—where approximately one-third of the Senate is up for election every two years—ensures that the Senate remains a body that can maintain its institutional knowledge and historical continuity over time.